jayrandom | Мунис Али Шах Дхор-Рийасатайн (Reply)

Наткнулся на очень пронзительную фотографию на сайте www.sufism.ru:

- Мунис Али Шах Дхор-Рийасатайн.

Оказывается, это был руководитель тариката Ниматуллахия до Джавада Нурбахша. Стало интересно, как же так получилось, что после Муниса вдруг появился Джавад. Вот что об этом пишет всемирная сеть Интернет:

It is thought by some, that to be a Sheikh, one needs an ijaza (license). “There are three types of ijaza. The first is that given to a dervish or adept giving his qualifications and permitting him to practice in the name of his master; the second is given to a khalifa or muqaddam authorizing him to confer the wird, that is, admit others into the tariqa; whilst the third type simple affirms that the holder has followed a particular course of Sufi instruction. The fact that Sufis claimed several initiations and possessed a number of ijazas has caused confusion and misunderstanding, for many ijazas were only concerned with announcing that the recipient had followed a course, perhaps absorption of a Sufi book, and been given a license to teach it, or to recite a word of power, such as ash-Shadhili’s Hisb al-Bahr with power. In India even choirmen (qawwals) were given a singing license.”

Sir Richard Burton translated a ijaza which, he said, gave him authority as “Darwish Abdallah” to act as a murshid in the Qadiri Order, but in fact it simply says that he has been given instruction in the Saying of Unity with authority to recite it 165 times after each farida (obligatory ritual prayer) and on any other occasion according to his ability. This ijaza was four feet five inches long and about six and a half inches broad. The length of this ijaza is not at all extraordinary, nor perhaps the very flexible way Sir Burton utilized his ijaza for his own personal purposes.

Many Sheikhs never wrote an ijaza-nama for anyone. So their statements gained crucial importance after their death. For example, Munis Ali Shah, the great Nimatullahi Sheikh, also known as Dhu’l Riyasatayn ‘Lord of the Two Masteries’ for his knowledge of both exoteric and esoteric Islam, did not write an ijaza-nama for anyone. He refers in one of his writings to Dr. Javad Nurbakhsh as my “sole spiritual son.” Published five years before his death, the words “my sole spiritual son” in fact, today provide the only indication or announcement as to whom Munis Ali Shah wanted to inherit the Ni’matullahi mantle. Therefore, contrary to popular opinion, one does not need an ijaza (license) to become a Sheikh, as no one can possibly call into question Dr. Javad Nurbakhsh’s qualifications or claim to the title.

-- Abdullah Muzaffer al-Nimatullahi Laurence Galian, "Transmission"
(выделение - jayrandom)